Evaluation of a safe neutrophil count for cessation of intravenous antibiotics and early hospital discharge in stable, afebrile patients recovering after acute myeloid leukemia therapy or an autograft.

Abstract

Currently there are no guidelines on a safe neutrophil count(ANC) for intravenous antibiotic(IVAB) cessation and hospital discharge in patients recovering after febrile neutropenia(FN). We assessed the safety in selected patients after recent FN of prompt IVAB cessation and hospital discharge. Safety was defined as no fever recurrence after IVAB cessation and readmission in the 10-days post-discharge for infections.A retrospective, single center audit conducted on 92 adult hematology patients admitted with de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for intensive chemotherapy or for an autograft. Most admissions (n = 128/141;91%) were complicated by FN. Half of FN episodes ceased IVAB promptly with a median(range) ANC of 0.6(0.1-4.9x109/L); none of these episodes had recurrent fever requiring IVAB resumption. Prompt discharge occurred in 45% overall. Subsequent unplanned readmission rates were low.In afebrile, stable AML and autograft patients without medico-social barriers to discharge, IVAB can be ceased and hospital discharges safely done ≤24h of ANC ≥ 0.2x109/L.