Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/27991
Title: Neurodegeneration Over 3 Years Following Ischaemic Stroke: Findings From the Cognition and Neocortical Volume After Stroke Study.
Austin Authors: Brodtmann, Amy ;Werden, Emilio ;Khlif, Mohamed Salah;Bird, Laura J;Egorova, Natalia;Veldsman, Michele;Pardoe, Heath;Jackson, Graeme D ;Bradshaw, Jennifer;Darby, David;Cumming, Toby B ;Churilov, Leonid ;Donnan, Geoffrey A 
Affiliation: Clinical Neuropsychology
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
Melbourne Medical School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Melbourne Dementia Research Centre, Florey Institute and University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
Department of Neurology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
Issue Date: 22-Oct-2021
Date: 2021
Publication information: Frontiers in Neurology 2021; 12: 754204
Abstract: Background: Stroke survivors are at high risk of dementia, associated with increasing age and vascular burden and with pre-existing cognitive impairment, older age. Brain atrophy patterns are recognised as signatures of neurodegenerative conditions, but the natural history of brain atrophy after stroke remains poorly described. We sought to determine whether stroke survivors who were cognitively normal at time of stroke had greater total brain (TBV) and hippocampal volume (HV) loss over 3 years than controls. We examined whether stroke survivors who were cognitively impaired (CI) at 3 months following their stroke had greater brain volume loss than cognitively normal (CN) stroke participants over the next 3 years. Methods: Cognition And Neocortical Volume After Stroke (CANVAS) study is a multi-centre cohort study of first-ever or recurrent adult ischaemic stroke participants compared to age- and sex-matched community controls. Participants were followed with MRI and cognitive assessments over 3 years and were free of a history of cognitive impairment or decline at inclusion. Our primary outcome measure was TBV change between 3 months and 3 years; secondary outcomes were TBV and HV change comparing CI and CN participants. We investigated associations between group status and brain volume change using a baseline-volume adjusted linear regression model with robust standard error. Results: Ninety-three stroke (26 women, 66.7 ± 12 years) and 39 control participants (15 women, 68.7 ± 7 years) were available at 3 years. TBV loss in stroke patients was greater than controls: stroke mean (M) = 20.3 cm3 ± SD 14.8 cm3; controls M = 14.2 cm3 ± SD 13.2 cm3; [adjusted mean difference 7.88 95%CI (2.84, 12.91) p-value = 0.002]. TBV decline was greater in those stroke participants who were cognitively impaired (M = 30.7 cm3; SD = 14.2 cm3) at 3 months (M = 19.6 cm3; SD = 13.8 cm3); [adjusted mean difference 10.42; 95%CI (3.04, 17.80), p-value = 0.006]. No statistically significant differences in HV change were observed. Conclusions: Ischaemic stroke survivors exhibit greater neurodegeneration compared to stroke-free controls. Brain atrophy is greater in stroke participants who were cognitively impaired early after their stroke. Early cognitive impairment was associated greater subsequent atrophy, reflecting the combined impacts of stroke and vascular brain burden. Atrophy rates could serve as a useful biomarker for trials testing interventions to reduce post-stroke secondary neurodegeneration. Clinical Trail Registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov, identifier: NCT02205424.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/27991
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.754204
Journal: Frontiers in Neurology
PubMed URL: 34744989
ISSN: 1664-2295
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: brain atrophy
cognitive impairment (CI)
neurodegeneration
post-stroke cognition
stroke
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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