Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/17693
Title: Structural patterns of selection and diversity for Plasmodium vivax antigens DBP and AMA1.
Austin Authors: Guy, Andrew J;Irani, Vashti;Richards, Jack S;Ramsland, Paul A 
Affiliation: Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Department of Immunology, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Department of Infectious Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
Victorian Infectious Diseases Service, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
School of Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
Department of Surgery, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
Issue Date: 2-May-2018
Date: 2018-05-02
Publication information: Malaria journal 2018; 17(1): 183
Abstract: Plasmodium vivax is a significant contributor to the global malaria burden, and a vaccine targeting vivax malaria is urgently needed. An understanding of the targets of functional immune responses during the course of natural infection will aid in the development of a vaccine. Antibodies play a key role in this process, with responses against particular epitopes leading to immune selection pressure on these epitopes. A number of techniques exist to estimate levels of immune selection pressure on particular epitopes, with a sliding window analysis often used to determine particular regions likely to be under immune pressure. However, such analysis neglects protein three-dimensional structural information. With this in mind, a newly developed tool, BioStructMap, was applied to two key antigens from Plasmodium vivax: PvAMA1 and PvDBP Region II. This tool incorporates structural information into tests of selection pressure. Sequences from a number of populations were analysed, examining spatially-derived nucleotide diversity and Tajima's D over protein structures for PvAMA1 and PvDBP. Structural patterns of nucleotide diversity were similar across all populations examined, with Domain I of PvAMA1 having the highest nucleotide diversity and displaying significant signatures of immune selection pressure (Tajima's Dā€‰>ā€‰0). Nucleotide diversity for PvDBP was highest bordering the dimerization and DARC-binding interface, although there was less evidence of immune selection pressure on PvDBP compared with PvAMA1. This study supports previous work that has identified Domain I as the main target of immune-mediated selection pressure for PvAMA1, and also supports studies that have identified functional epitopes within PvDBP Region II. The BioStructMap tool was applied to leading vaccine candidates from P. vivax, to examine structural patterns of selection and diversity across a number of geographic populations. There were striking similarities in structural patterns of diversity across multiple populations. Furthermore, whilst regions of high diversity tended to surround conserved binding interfaces, a number of protein regions with very low diversity were also identified, and these may be useful targets for further vaccine development, given previous evidence of functional antibody responses against these regions.
URI: https://ahro.austin.org.au/austinjspui/handle/1/17693
DOI: 10.1186/s12936-018-2324-3
Journal: Malaria journal
PubMed URL: 29720179
Type: Journal Article
Subjects: Immune selection
Malaria
Plasmodium vivax
Population genetics
Protein structure
Appears in Collections:Journal articles

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